ABSTRACT
Digestival functional surgery refers to surgical treatment for patients with functional diseases of the digestive tract. With the continuous development of minimally invasive surgery, most of surgical procedures for digestive functional diseases have been conducted by minimal invasive approach. Based on decades of clinical practice, the authors focus on minimally invasive surgeries for a group of digestive functional diseases such as achalasia of cardia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, volvulus of stomach, gastroptosis, dolichocolon, refractory constipation, rectocele and rectal prolapse, and make ageneral summary on current status and prospects of its clinical application combined with literatures.
ABSTRACT
Digestival functional surgery refers to surgical treatment for patients with functional diseases of the digestive tract. With the continuous development of minimally invasive surgery, most of surgical procedures for digestive functional diseases have been conducted by minimal invasive approach. Based on decades of clinical practice, the authors focus on minimally invasive surgeries for a group of digestive functional diseases such as achalasia of cardia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, volvulus of stomach, gastroptosis, dolichocolon, refractory constipation, rectocele and rectal prolapse, and make ageneral summary on current status and prospects of its clinical application combined with literatures.
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Objective To discuss the angiogenic e ffects on tumor micrometastasis. Methods Literatures on the relation between tumor angiogenesis and micrometastasis were reviewed. Results Tumor angiogenesis was a basis of the devel opment of micrometastasis.Conclusion Micrometastic dependence on angiogenesi s gestates a novel revolution of tumor treatment.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the MEK and ERK expression and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters in human breast carcinoma, and the effect of preoperative chemotherapy on MEK and ERK protein expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Samples were obtained from 56 patients with breast carcinoma and 8 patients with benign tumors. Sixteen of the 56 patients received preoperative chemotherapy. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the expression of MEK1, MEK2 and ERK1, ERK2 protein.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MEK2 and ERK1, ERK2 protein levels were increased in breast carcinoma tissue compared with those in adjacent normal tissues (t = 7.244, 5.959, 3.735, P < 0.01) and benign tumors (t = 2.206, P < 0.05). The levels of MEK1 were decreased. The expression of MEK2 protein in ER negative patients was higher than that in ER positive ones. MEK2 protein levels were lower in patients who received preoperative chemotherapy than in those who did not.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Overexpression of MEK-ERK may play an important role in the development of human breast carcinoma. MEK and ERK protein expressions are inhibited by preoperative chemotherapy.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Blotting, Western , Breast Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Metabolism , Immunohistochemistry , MAP Kinase Kinase 1 , MAP Kinase Kinase 2 , MAP Kinase Signaling System , Physiology , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 , Metabolism , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases , Metabolism , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases , Metabolism , Prognosis , Protein Kinases , Metabolism , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases , Metabolism , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the prevention of colorectal cancer liver metastasis by adenoviral transduction of the endostatin gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The recombinant adenovirus expressing endostatin was constructed. Its biological activities were surveyed in vitro, as determined in human umbilicus vein endothelium cell (HUVEC) proliferation inhibition, and in vivo, by reduction of liver metastasis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HUVEC proliferation was obviously inhibited by the infecting supernatant of recombinant adenovirus. Persistent high serum levels of endostatin in peripheral blood, especially in the liver vein were observed. The production of liver metastasis was intervened.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The single injection in the vein of the recombinant adenovirus realizes the high effective and stable expression of endostatin in general body and liver, which brings about the ideal prevention of liver metastasis.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Adenoviridae , Genetics , Cell Division , Collagen , Genetics , Therapeutic Uses , Colorectal Neoplasms , Pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Endostatins , Endothelium, Vascular , Pathology , Genetic Therapy , Genetic Vectors , Liver Neoplasms , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Transplantation , Peptide Fragments , Genetics , Therapeutic Uses , Transduction, GeneticABSTRACT
Objective To study the activity of aminopeptidase N (APN) in the bile of patients with cholesterol gallstones (CGS) and rabbits fed with lithogenic diets (LD) to explore the lithogenic role of APN in the formation of gallstones. Methods Enzymatic activity of APN and lipid concentrations in bile of investigated CGS patients and LD fed rabbits were measured. The relationship between the activity of APN and CSI was statistically analyzed.Results APN activity in CGS patients′ gallbladder (GB) and bile duct (BD) biles 〔(66 0?24 1)*!U/ml and (38 4?9 4)*!U/ml〕 as well as in LD fed rabbits′ GB and BD biles 〔(14 5?4 08)*!U/ml and (9 13?1 67)*!U/ml〕 were significantly higher than that in the corresponding biles of their clinical and experimental control (CC and EC) groups 〔(23 0?7 7)*!U/ml〕 in GB bile of CC group and 〔(6 05?0 95)*!U/ml and (3 09?0 92)*!U/ml〕 in EC group. All P values were less than 0 05. A statistical positive correlation was found between the APN and CSI value in each of the groups.Conclusions It is more likely that APN might play certain role in the early neucleating period of the pathogenesis of gallstones based on its proneucleative potential and measurement of APN activity may serve as a predictive marker among patients with high risk of gallstone formation.
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Objective To investigate the expression of extracellular signal regulated kinase(ERK) in human gastric cancer and evaluate the relationship between ERKs protein level and clinicopathological parameters. Method Western blot was used to measure the activity and expression of ERK 1 and ERK 2 proteins and immunohistochemistry was used for localization in 42 gastric cancer patients.Results ERK 1 and ERK 2 protein levels increased in gastric cancer tissues in comparison to normal tissues ( P 0 05). Expression of ERK 1 and ERK 2 showed a positive linear correlation (r=0 550, P
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the hemostatic effect of human thrombin in surgery.Methods A prospective, randomized, controlled and multicenter study was designed to evaluate the hemostatic effect of human thrombin on abdominal operation incision (96 cases) and liver wound (40 cases). Human thrombin was insufflated topically in study group, with 0 9% NS as control. Results The average hemostatic time of abdominal incision in study group was (104?70) s, hemorrhagic volume per square unit was (0 4?0 3)g/cm 2, in liver wound the average hemostatic time was (106?78) s, the hemorrhagic volume per square unit was (1 0?0 7) g/cm 2, the difference was all statistically significant ( P
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ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of nosocomial fungal infections in surgical intensive care unit.MethodsThe clinical data of 88 poor risk surgical patients with positive pathogenic results were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsFifty patients were complicated with simple bacterial infections and 38 patients suffered from nosocomial fungal infections. The SICU stay was longer in fungal infectious patients (20?24 vs 12?8 days; P
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Objective To investigate the effect on apoptosis and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) expression of cholangiocarcinoma RBE cell line induced by paclitaxel and the role of extracellular signal regulated kinase in paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. Methods By techniques of cell culture in vitro, annexin-V-FITC and propidium iodide(PI)double staining and flow-cytometry (FCM), RBE cell line was treated by paclitaxel or together with MEK inhibitor PD98059 for 24 h. Using Western blot test the expression of ERK1, ERK2, pERK after RBE cell line was treated by paclitaxel or together with PD98059. Results Paclitaxel induced RBE cell line to apoptosis, the ratio of apoptosis was 14.8%?2.7%(n=6), the control apoptosis was 3.4%?1.3%(n=6,P
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1000 ml).Methods From 2000 to 2002,a total of 89 critically ill surgical patients were enrolled whose preoperative liver function and blood analysis were normal. The patients′ heart rate?blood pressure?body temperature?hemoglobin(Hb)?platelet count(PLT)?hematocrit(HCT)?prothrombin time(PT)?activated partial thrombo-plastin time(APTT)?fibrinogen concentration(FIB)?fibrinogen degrade product(FDP)?D-dimer immediately after enrollment into the study were determined. Results As the blood loss increased PT prolonged from(11.4?0.6) s to (16.0?0.6) s ( P
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ObjectiveTo investigate p38 MAPK protein expression in human breast tumors and the regulation of preoperative chemotherapy. MethodsWe assessed p38 MAPK protein in 50 cases of breast cancer and adjacent normal tissue and that of breast benign tumors in 14 cases by Western blot. 15 cancer patients received preoperative CAF or TA protocol. Results The p38 protein level in tumors was significantly greater than that in the normal tissues, while there was not significant difference between benign tumors and corresponding normal tissue. p38 protein T/N ratio was higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than patients without( P
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Objective To investigate the role of p38? pathway and HO-1 in the genesis and chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer. Methods The proliferation and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells were examined by MTT assay. The expression of p38? and HO-1 mRNA were examined by RT-PCR. Results The p38? mRNA level in 78% of samples was significantly greater than that in the normal tissue and the p38? mRNA level in patients with lymph node metastasis was higher than that without lymph node metastasis (P
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Objective To observe the expression of p38MAPK activity during mitomycin-induced cell cycle arrest of cholangiocarcinoma. Using p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 to analyze the effect on chemotherapy of cholangiocarcinoma. Methods The selected human cholangicarcinoma cell lines RBE was treated with mitomycin or together with SB203580, cell apoptosis was analysed by AnnexinV-FITC and propidium iodide(PI)double staining and flow cytometry (FCM), p38 and ATF-2 activity was detected by Western blot. Results Mitomycin induced apoptosis of RBE cell line, the ratio of apoptosis was (8.91?0.83)%( P